LEAVING THE COLOMBIAN CONFLICT BEHIND
Historical Context of the Colombian Conflict
Premessa
THE BEGINNING OF THE HISTORICAL DIVIDE
The centralist and Federalist: At the birth of the Republic of Colombia on 17 December 1819, there were two main political sectors: Centralists and Federalists. The centralists were those who defended a central state from which the whole nation would be governed, and the federalists sought a model where each federation would have a high percentage of autonomy in its government.
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THE PROHIBITION ON POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
Conservadores y Liberales: Over time, these two sectors evolved and became the only two political parties in Colombia until the middle of the 20th century. The so-called Conservatives and Liberals, which did not allow new political parties to be formed and prevented new sectors of thought from being heard.
THE BEGINNING OF THE CONFLICT
As a consequence of political exclusion, and after having been rejected by the establishment, guerrilla revolutionary groups were unfortunately created throughout the second half of the 20th century, who took up arms in order to finally be heard and take power by force, as they were unable to do so with ideas. Groups such as the FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia), the ELN (National Liberation Army), and others.
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THE M- 19 MOVEMENT
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As a form of protest against the fraud in the 1970 Colombian presidential elections, the M-19 movement was created on 19 March 1970, carrying out a series of subversive activities with the aim of coming to power, denouncing the lack of guarantees for normal political participation. One of these activities was the theft of the so-called Sword of Bolivar, however, the most remembered action carried out by this insurgent group was the seizure of the Palace of Justice in 1985.
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